Skincare — Ingredients
Skincare ingredients A–Z
What each common ingredient does, who it suits and what to avoid mixing it with.
10 minute read
Written and reviewed by Beauty World Editorial · Last reviewed October 2026
A–G
Azelaic acid to glycolic acid
Azelaic acid
Calms redness, acne and dark marks. Suits sensitive and rosacea-prone skin.
Bakuchiol
Plant-based retinol alternative; gentler, pregnancy-friendly option to discuss with a doctor.
Benzoyl peroxide
Kills acne bacteria. Can bleach fabric; don't layer with retinol at the same time.
Ceramides
Rebuild the skin barrier. Suit everyone, especially dry and sensitive skin.
Centella asiatica
Soothes and helps healing. Great for irritated skin.
Glycerin
Classic humectant that draws water into skin. Suits all types.
Glycolic acid
AHA exfoliant for glow and texture. Avoid using with retinol the same night.
H–N
Hyaluronic acid to niacinamide
Hyaluronic acid
Hydrates and plumps. Apply on damp skin, then seal with moisturizer.
Kojic acid
Brightens dark spots. Can irritate; patch test first.
Lactic acid
Gentler AHA that also hydrates. Good first exfoliant.
Mandelic acid
Very gentle AHA for sensitive or darker skin tones.
Niacinamide
Controls oil, minimises pores and evens tone. Pairs with almost everything.
P–S
Panthenol to squalane
Panthenol
Vitamin B5 that soothes and hydrates.
Peptides
Support firmness. Gentle, combine well with most routines.
Retinol
Gold-standard anti-aging and acne ingredient. Night only, start slowly, avoid in pregnancy.
Salicylic acid
Oil-soluble BHA that clears pores and blackheads.
Squalane
Lightweight, non-greasy oil that suits most skin types.
T–Z
Tranexamic acid to zinc
Tranexamic acid
Targets melasma and stubborn pigmentation. Usually well tolerated.
Vitamin C
Antioxidant and brightener; morning use under SPF. Keep away from light and air.
Vitamin E
Antioxidant that pairs well with vitamin C.
Zinc oxide
Mineral sunscreen filter, also calming for irritated skin.
Mixing
Don't mix (in the same step)
Retinol + AHA/BHA
Too irritating together; use on alternate nights.
Retinol + benzoyl peroxide
Can deactivate some retinoids; separate morning and night.
Several exfoliants
Choose one acid per routine to protect your barrier.
Vitamin C + strong acids
Can sting; use vitamin C in the morning, acids at night.
